What Are CO₂ Extractors?
CO₂ extractors are an emerging technology designed to remove excess carbon dioxide directly from the air. This solution is essential for reaching net zero emissions and stopping the progress of global warming.
One of the leading companies in this field is Climeworks, which develops and operates direct air capture (DAC) machines. These machines not only remove CO₂ from the atmosphere but also allow it to be recycled as raw material or safely and permanently stored underground.
How Does Direct Carbon Capture Work?
This system uses a modular design powered by renewable energy or waste energy, significantly reducing its carbon footprint. In fact, its so-called “grey emissions” are under 10%. That means for every 100 tons of CO₂ captured, at least 90 are permanently removed.
The Two-Step Process:
- Capture: A fan draws air into the collector. CO₂ binds to a highly selective filter surface.
- Release and storage: Once saturated, the collector is sealed and heated to 80–100°C. This releases the CO₂, which is then compressed and injected into underground geological formations where it mineralizes and turns into stone.
This method allows for precise measurement of how much carbon dioxide is removed and ensures safe, permanent, and verifiable storage.
Where Can This Technology Be Applied?
While Iceland offers ideal conditions for direct air capture and geological storage, this technology can be implemented anywhere with access to clean energy and suitable geological formations. This makes CO₂ extractors a versatile and global tool for climate action.
Uses of Captured CO₂
In addition to removing CO₂, this technology enables its reuse. The captured gas is highly pure, making it suitable as a raw material for various industries—from carbonated beverages to chemical processes and sustainable building materials. This promotes a circular carbon economy.
How Does It Compare to Other CO₂ Removal Methods?
Other strategies include:
- Reforestation and afforestation, where plants absorb CO₂ via photosynthesis.
- Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS).
- Enhanced weathering, which accelerates natural mineral absorption of carbon.
However, direct air capture stands out for its low land and water usage, making it an ideal solution for urban environments or regions with limited natural resources.
A Future with Less Carbon Is Possible
CO₂ extractors represent one of the most promising tools in the fight against climate change. Their ability to precisely, efficiently, and sustainably remove carbon positions them as a key solution on the path to a cleaner and more sustainable economy.
